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Inference

Inference is information not expressed explicitly by oral or written text but derived by the listener or reader on the basis of their knowledge.
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Clear Selection
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Clear Selection
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Activity
Assessment
Intervention
Platform
Practice
Resource
Routine
Strategy
Supplemental Curriculum
Tool
Happy child little girl reading a book.
Grammar + Syntax Inference Perspective Taking Reasoning Vocabulary

Active Discussion of Text Resources

This site has information, examples, and resources on how to implement active discussions after students have engaged with complex text.
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Comprehension Monitoring Grammar + Syntax Inference Perspective Taking Vocabulary

(Three) Levels of Questions

The Three Levels of Questions instructional strategy can support practitioners in providing students with an opportunity to engage with a text in increasingly complex ways.
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Comprehension Monitoring Grammar + Syntax Inference Perspective Taking Vocabulary

Fishbowl Discussion

The Fishbowl Strategy can be used by practitioners to guide instructional/scaffolded conversations. This resource provides an overview of the strategy as well as a planning guide to support implementation.
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Happy child little girl reading a book.
Comprehension Monitoring Grammar + Syntax Inference Perspective Taking Vocabulary

Listening Comprehension Observation Tool

This resource is a tool for conducting observations to assess and improve teacher-student and student-student interactions, with a focus on open-ended questions and extended conversations to promote the development of student listening comprehension skill.
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Comprehension Monitoring Grammar + Syntax Inference Perspective Taking Vocabulary

Ekwall/Shanker Reading Inventory Fifth Edition

The Ekwall/Shanker Reading Inventory (Fifth Edition) measures students’ reading and language skills across 12 subtests.
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Pre-K students
Inference Reasoning Text Structure

Story Element Web

Students work to answer questions about, and identify story elements of, a fiction text.
Grade Level(s)
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Pre-K students
Grammar + Syntax Inference Vocabulary

Cloze Encounters

In this activity students will identify missing words throughout a text.
Grade Level(s)
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Pre-K students
Inference Reasoning

Cause and Effect Organizer

In this activity students will identify cause and effect relationships throughout a read aloud. This activity can be modified so students are only engaging with oral text responding through discussion.
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Grammar + Syntax Inference Perspective Taking Reasoning Vocabulary

MORE

MORE, created by the Harvard Graduate School of Education’s READS Lab, is a supplemental curriculum designed build important literacy skills such as students’ language and schemas through exploring science and social studies topics.
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Shot of a female teacher assisting a preschool learner in her class
Grammar + Syntax Inference Perspective Taking Reasoning Text Structure Vocabulary

SKILL (4th Edition)

SKILL is designed to support the development of key language skills through lessons that are standards aligned.
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The Research aka
Knowledge Base

Advances in reading science since 2000 offer important contributions to our understanding of how children learn to read and how adults teach children to read. We now know that listening comprehension plays a crucial role in students’ listening comprehension.

The Knowledge Base offers a curated set of recent evidence-based research findings intended to help practitioners better understand listening comprehension and its connection to other literacy skills (such as word reading, reading fluency, background knowledge, and reading comprehension).

Unpacking Listening Comprehension
Introduction to Listening Comprehension
Incorporating Listening Comprehension in the Classroom
Supporting Listening Comprehension at Home
Professional Learning
Academic Research

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